The groundbreaking Desert Hearts brought lesbian romance to American screens
Watch This offers movie recommendations inspired by new releases, premieres, current events, or occasionally just our own inscrutable whims. This week: It’s the start of Pride Month, so we’re looking back at some major or influential highlights of queer cinema.
Desert Hearts (1985)
On its surface, Desert Hearts doesn’t seem like such a groundbreaking film. It’s the opposite of flashy—a quiet, intimate portrait of love blossoming between two women against a rocky Reno backdrop. But in 1985, it was revolutionary just to make a lesbian romance the center of a film—especially one that did not end in tragedy. (For just one unfortunate example of the prevailing trend: Shirley MacLaine’s character in 1961’s The Children’s Hour is so horrified by her romantic feelings for Audrey Hepburn that she hangs herself.) Things fortunately improved by the ’80s, but lesbian love scenes in mainstream films were usually still a mere detour for a character on her way to a relationship with a man—see Mariel Hemingway in 1982’s Personal Best or Jodie Foster in 1984’s The Hotel New Hampshire. In Desert Hearts, based on a novel by Jane Rule, the relationship between Vivian and Cay is the primary focus of the movie, offering a new landscape for cinema to explore.
Donna Deitch’s period piece, which she funded with help from backers like Gloria Steinem and Lily Tomlin, takes place in Reno in 1959. “The Biggest Little City In The World” (a movie setting that harkens back to the days of 1939’s The Women) was a popular spot for women to get quickie divorces by setting up residency for six weeks. Vivian Bell (Helen Shaver) is a stuffy English literature professor from Columbia University who wants to dissolve her loveless marriage. She takes up residency at the ranch of Frances Parker (Three’s Company sitcom star Audra Lindley, the biggest name in the cast), a warm, down-to-earth woman who claims that out in “God’s backyard,” Vivian will enjoy “lots of iced tea and no deep thinking.” But Vivian’s desert respite is soon rocked by Frances’ sort-of daughter, Cay (Patricia Charbonneau, in her film debut), a coltish free spirit who is upfront about her attraction to and relationships with women. To Vivian, Cay represents all the things she isn’t—confident, unrepressed, free to be herself—which makes her all the more attractive to someone who’s still searching for answers.
Their romance seems as inevitable as it is unlikely for the cinematic time period. The two women circle closer together under the gorgeous desert skies (the vivid cinematography comes from future Oscar winner Robert Elswit), riding horses or taking a look at Lake Tahoe while spouting platitudes like “There’s always another story under the surface.” Fortunately, the pair’s smoldering chemistry transcends the enigmatic dialogue, and after a monumental kiss in the rain, they finally wind up in bed together, in a memorably erotic scene.
It’s then that Desert Hearts really gets interesting. The women have no problem in the bedroom, but what happens when they walk out the door, especially in 1959? When the couple finally leaves their hotel to go to a restaurant, Vivian feels exposed, while the more comfortable Cay accuses her of “just visiting the way I live.” The unexpected relationship with Cay has shaken Vivian’s tightly wound, straitlaced world. Cay, even with all of her prior romantic dalliances, has been looking for someone who “matters,” as she repeatedly puts it, and believes she has found that person in Vivian, even though—or probably because—she appears to be her polar opposite.
The ending is ambiguous but not tragic, making Vivian and Cay groundbreakers not just in the ’50s but in the ’80s as well. Although Desert Hearts won a Special Jury Prize at Sundance in 1986, it received mixed reviews at the time. It wound up improving with age, and has since been embraced as a romantic classic of queer cinema, going on to receive the Criterion treatment (and a 4K digital restoration supervised by Elswit) in 2017. Which is to say, it’s finally been fully acknowledged as the trailblazer it always was.
Availability: Desert Hearts is currently streaming on The Criterion Channel. It can be rented or purchased digitally from Amazon, and is also available via subscription on Hulu, Showtime, and Sling TV.